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GPS for Your Financial Life

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I hate balancing my checkbook.  It is a pain in the ass and not at all exciting.  When I first got my checking account, it was no big deal.  Then ATM cards came along and it got a little more challenging, but not quite.  ATM cards eventually evolved into check cards.  They're incredibly convenient, but I find myself using cash less and less.  The convenience has a dark side, though.  Keeping a tight reign on my financial life has become more and more difficult.

The first rule of wealth building is to spend less than you make, right?  So that means you have to keep track of both your income and your spending.  Over the years, I have struggled with that.  There have been times where I have balanced my checkbook for more than six months at a time.  I know, that's not good.  I generally had no idea of where my money was going.  I just made sure that I didn't get too close to zero.  A few times, I wasn't very successful there, either.  And, while they'll deny your credit card for going over the limit, banks seem to like the $35.00 for each debit transaction that overdraws your account.  That makes for an expensive candy bar at the gas station.

For years, I have used Quicken to manage my money.  Over the years, Intuit has built an incredibly powerful and comprehensive money management program.  The problem is that it is almost too good.  If I had a better understanding of accounting practices, I might be able to use it more effectively.  Still, it requires the discipline of entering purchases and balancing your accounts.  Even though it has some nice online banking integration, security protocols from my banks make it somewhat inconvenient to use.

Last year, I took Dave Ramsey's Financial Peace University at a local church.  There, I learned to create spending plans and cash flow plans in a way that was empowering.  Now, I had learned this in high school, but our teacher left me more terrified of this than excited.  My money anxieties flared up any time I tried it, and I eventually gave up, but the tools that Dave provided in the course were easy and useful.  By the end of the course, they had helped me to significantly reduce my debt and get my finances headed in the right direction.

My problem with Dave's tools were that they were mainly paper based.  He does offer tools on his web site, but they don't integrate with my money tracking in Quicken.  I tried using the tools in Quicken, but they were too complicated.

Over the past year, I spent some time looking at alternatives to Quicken.  I found a number of programs that claimed to do the trick.  Every one of them had some flaw that kept them from making the cut.  Along the way, I did find a couple exceptional contenders.  Money Well, from No Thirst Software, and moneyGuru, from Hardcoded Software, are among the best Quicken alternatives I found.  The are both easy to use, provide comprehensive features, and   help you see your financial situation at a glance.  They're worth checking out.

About a week ago, however, I found an online program called Mvelopes from Finicity.  It's also offered as a rebranded program through David Bach's Automatic Millionaire web site.  I have to say that this is, by far, the best personal finance management program I have encountered.

When I first saw the program, I was hesitant.  This is a completely web-based, subscription application.  That means you pay a fee every quarter, year, or two years, to use the service.  It's a little more costly than purchasing Quicken every two years, too.  In order to use all of the features, you also have to give it information about your bank accounts, including usernames and passwords.  Because it's a web-based application, of your financial data resides on their servers, not your own.

Those factors stopped me for a little while.  I did some careful research into their security protocols, and found that they are solid.  I realized a few things along the way.  First, their servers are a lot more secure than my computer.  Second, their connections are all heavily encrypted.  Third, their computers are redundant, meaning something catastrophic would have to happen for my data to be lost.  That third point was driven home when my mom's Quicken data file suddenly went missing from her laptop forcing her to start over from scratch.

I signed up for a free trial of Mvelopes and was ready to go within minutes (see tour).  The most brilliant part of their application is that it talks to your banks. When I make a debit card transaction, once my bank clears the purchase, it's automatically entered into my account.

The application uses a digital version of the old envelope system that families have employed for decades to successfully manage money.  When income comes in, it is divided into a series of envelopes.  When expenses come in, they are deducted from your account as well as the corresponding envelope.  That means you know what money is coming in and where it is going at all times.  If you want to spend money, you look at the envelope to see if you have any money to spend.  If the envelope is empty, you don't make the purchase.
Envelopes.png

If you use credit cards, this application is even more helpful.  It prevents you from overspending and helps you to pay off your card every month.  When credit card transactions are registered, it moves money from the corresponding envelopes into a special envelope for your credit card payment.  Used properly, this means that you can get rid of credit card debt faster and never carry a balance again or wonder if you'll be able to pay your bill at the end of the month.  It makes your credit card work more like a debit card.

Because of the envelopes, and great programming, budgeting is a breeze.  Your net worth is available at the click of a button to gauge your progress.  I already feel like I have a better handle on my finances.  Better yet, it works perfectly with the money management practices that I learned in Financial Peace University, so I don't have to try to learn a whole new method.  I'm actually excited about this program because it is so elegant and empowering.  I highly recommend it.

On the road to a million, the difference between mvelopes and the other programs is the difference between using a GPS or a map and compass.

Debt Settlement

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If you have listened to the radio for more than ten minutes in the last few months, you've likely heard at least one commercial for a debt settlement company.  The commercials entice those of us with credit card debt by talking about "secret programs that the credit card companies don't want you to know about" to help you get debt free.  This only works for unsecured debts (e.g. credit cards, medical bills) and not for secured debts like mortgages and auto loans or government debts like student loans and taxes.  There's a good chance that there are some ads right on this page for debt settlement companies thanks to AdSense.  Check out their web pages and incredible claims.  

What they Do
When you contract with a debt settlement firm to assist you, they will assign a negotiator to your case.  As part of your initial paperwork, you will sign a limited power of attorney form that will allow them to call your creditors and negotiate a settlement.  Your creditors won't negotiate an account that is current, so the settlement firm will counsel you to not pay your bills during this time.  Instead, they will tell you to deposit this money into an account to use for your settlement when the time comes.

If you started with your accounts current, you will need to wait until you are behind on your payments about three months before they begin negotiating.  The negotiators will usually wait until you have enough money saved up to make payment immediately upon settlement.  That means additional waiting.  When your creditors call you to collect, and they will call to collect, you will have to endure their collection attempts and advise them that they need to discuss this with your settlement firm.  If you haven't been through this, it isn't pretty.  Debt collectors can be manipulative, threatening, and mean.

Upfront Fees
Debt settlement firms require payment for their services, and, no, it is not a pay-for-performance type compensation.  If you choose to work with a debt settlement company, you will pay a fee based on the amount of debt you owe.  This will be between 10% and 20% of your outstanding credit card balance.  Firms will require you to authorize a monthly debit from your checking or savings account.  They will let you spread this out for about 10-12 months, but you will be required to pay them in full before you settle your debt.

Debt settlement firms won't work with you if you have too little debt.  Often, they will require at least $12,000 in credit card debt before they will work with you.  Therefore, expect to pay a minimum of $1,500 in fees to the debt settlement firm for their services.  If you are setting aside $280 each month to pay your debts, for the first ten months, $130 of that will be available to eventually settle your debts until the eleventh month.  At that time, the full $280 each month would be available for debt settlement.

Nothing You Can't Do
If you genuinely cannot pay your debts, your credit cards can and will work with you.  They understand that it is better to collect 50¢ for each dollar you owe, rather than going to collection and litigation.  This will definitely test your mettle.  They will try to get you to go on a payment plan before they settle, and that could be preferable.  Even on a payment plan, they may forgive fees and freeze future interest.

Difficult Creditors
Not all creditors are created equal.  Some are more aggressive than others.  Many have sleazy collection practices.  If you have a Discover card and ever too a cash advance or made a balance transfer, they will not settle your debt.  American Express is another firm that  is very difficult.  If you work with a debt settlement firm and they tell you they can't help you with that debt after your fees have been determined or paid, be sure to demand a refund for that portion of your fees.

Hidden Costs
When you settle your debt rather than paying it, you will find there are a number of hidden costs.  The one most likely overlooked when you're overwhelmed and scared is psychological.  Your debt is a promise to pay, and when the dust settles, you know that your integrity has been compromised.  As you go forward beyond the debt settlement, you will find that credit is harder to secure.  Your other credit card rates may be increased, financing a home could be more expensive or difficult.  Even your auto insurance rates could go up.  That's because the debt settlement will appear on your credit report.

One expense your debt settlement company will likely fail to mention is that the IRS considers the amount of debt forgiven as taxable income.  That's right.  You will have to pay taxes on the amount forgiven. (See: IRS - Home Foreclosure and Debt Forgiveness).  That means on April 15, after you settle your debt, you will owe the IRS about 25% of the amount forgiven as tax.  If you can't pay that when it is due, be prepared for more penalties and fees. Remember, too, that the IRS does not settle on debt.

Bottom Line
Don't look to debt settlement firms as an easy way of getting debt free.  Debt settlement is an option if you have a lot of debt and absolutely cannot pay.  It's certainly better than going into bankruptcy, but its not a casual decision. Paying what you owe is the best route.  Even if a debt settlement company delivers on a promise of getting you a settlement at 40% of the debt you owe, you will pay another 25 - 30% of the original debt amount as fees and taxes.  By working with your creditors directly, you can save significantly by avoiding those fees.  If, for some reason, you cannot work with your creditors directly, and you don't have someone you trust willing to negotiate on your behalf, don't contact a debt settlement firm thinking that it will be a quick fix.  The road will be slow, difficult, and costly, but not as bad as bankruptcy.

On the road to a million, we're going to try to avoid this one.

The Debt Burden

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On June 5, Market Watch reported that, for the seventh month in a row, Americans paid off more debt than they took out.  We should all give ourselves a collective pat on the back for that.  Its great.  The numbers are mind boggling.  In March, the collective debt dropped $16.6 Billion.  In April, it dropped another $15.7 Billion.

That still leaves us with a lot of debt.  Right now, we all have about $930.9 BN in credit card debt and $1.59 Trillion in other non-credit-card debt.  The numbers don't include mortgages and home equity loans.  The raw data is available from the Federal Reserve.

The Federal Reserve also calculates something called the Debt Service Ratio, or DSR.  This is an interesting little number that compares debt payment to disposable income.  A DSR of 1.00 would mean that, for every dollar we have of disposable income, we owe one dollar in debt.  A DSR of 5.00. would mean that we owe $5.00 for every dollar we have in disposable income.

By disposable income, we're not just talking about money we have to go to the movies or out to dinner.  That is part of our disposable income, but disposable income actually refers to our gross income minus taxes.  Disposable income means all of the money that we have available to us for spending or saving.

Okay, here's where this gets really a bit disgusting.  The overall DSR for the third quarter of 2008 was 13.80, up from about 10.60 in the early 1980s. The good news is that is down from an all-time high of 14.29 in the third quarter of 2007, but it still means that, for every dollar we had to spend or save in 3Q09, we owed $13.80.  Even worse, that assumes that we're only making the minimum payments on our credit cards.  If you want to see it for yourself, you can go to the Federal Reserve Board's Household Debt Service and Financial Obligations Ratios page.

I'm not above this.  I owe more than a year's worth of disposable income on my student loans.  Luckily, I paid off my car at the end of last year.  Many of us have debt for good reason.  We are still wise to get rid of them as quickly as possible.

About a year and a half ago, my sister told me about Dave Ramsey.  When I first heard him, I was a bit resistant.  His attitude towards debt seemed a bit extreme.  Still, I kept listening to his show as a podcast from time to time, and in the Spring of 2008, I took his Financial Peace University at a local church.  I've come to really respect the man and what he teaches.  Now, I have not shredded all of my credit cards.  They're there like a little security blanket, but I avoid using them as much as possible.  Chase just sent me a letter telling me that they closed my account because they figured I didn't need their it because I hadn't been using it.  I'm working hard to get rid of the debt that I have.  I've hear Dave quote Proverbs (22:7) too many times, saying "The rich rules over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the lender."  That is as true today as it was in ancient times.  With a DSR of 14:1, we are certainly not working for ourselves.

So, back to consumer debt.  According to indexcreditcards.com, the average credit card rate in the US was 14.30% on May 20, 2009.  That means, if we make a minimum payment of 3% on our credit cards, we rack up $10.89 Billion in credit card interest every month.

Congress passed the credit card reform bill last month, and credit card companies are squirming.  If we keep up like we have the past two months, though, we can go a long way to reforming credit card companies, and America.  Imagine what we could do with a spare $10.89 Billion each month.  And, in with the markets running down and sideways, paying off our debt has a much better rate of return than most mutual funds going.

Debt Free: Monthly Archives

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